纯电动轿车双电机双模驱动系统结构设计及动力系统匹配

摘要

纯电动轿车双电机双模驱动系统可同时实现转矩耦合和转速耦合驱动模式，在车辆低速或爬坡时采用转矩耦合模式提高整车动力性；在车辆高速时采用转速耦合模式，通过动态调整辅助电机转速，使主驱动电机的转速与车辆速度解耦从而稳定运行在高效区间。该系统结构简单、模式切换容易、高效率、同时兼顾纯电动车辆的动力性与经济性。此毕业设计要求学生提出一种纯电动车用双电机多模式驱动系统，通过集成双电机和行星轮系动力耦合装置，实现双电机的多种耦合方式，以适应车辆在不同工况下的动力需求，开展系统的结构优化。

首先，针对双电机构型的纯电动轿车进行构型分析。分别对三种典型的双电机构型进行结构分析、工作模式分析和运动学分析。在掌握三种典型构型优缺点的基础上，提出一种能够同时实现转矩耦合和转速耦合的双电机耦合驱动新构型。

其次，对提出的双电机耦合驱动新构型进行参数匹配。本文首先利用功率匹配的方法对两个电机的性能参数进行初步匹配。再利用优化算法对初步匹配参数进行优化，以实现构型的经济性最大化。

再次，开发发挥新构型节能潜力的控制策略。本文控制策略主要分为三部分。即驾驶员需求转矩计算模块、模式识别模块和需求转矩分配模块。

【关键词】：纯电动轿车，动力系统，参数匹配，ADVISOR，电机驱动控制系统

ABSTRACT

The dual motor dual mode drive system of pure electric car can realize the coupling drive mode of torque and speed at the same time, improve the power performance of the whole vehicle by using the torque coupling mode when the vehicle is low speed or climbing, and use the speed coupling mode when the vehicle is high speed. By adjusting the speed of the auxiliary motor dynamically, the speed of the main drive motor is decoupled from the speed of the vehicle so as to run stably in the high efficiency range. The system has the advantages of simple structure, easy mode switching and high efficiency. This graduation design requires students to put forward a multi-mode drive system with double motors for pure electric vehicles. By integrating the power coupling device of double motor and planetary gear train, the system is practical. There are many coupling modes of double motors to meet the power demand of vehicles under different working conditions, and carry out the system structure optimization.

Firstly, the configuration of the pure electric car with dual electric mechanism is analyzed. The structure analysis, working mode analysis and kinematics analysis of three typical double electric mechanisms are carried out. On the basis of mastering the advantages and disadvantages of three typical configurations, a new configuration of dual motor coupling drive is proposed, which can realize both torque coupling and rotational speed coupling.

Secondly, the proposed two-motor coupling drive new configuration is matched. In this paper, the power matching method is used to match the performance parameters of the two motors. The optimization algorithm is used to optimize the initial matching parameters to maximize the economic performance of the configuration.

Thirdly, the control strategy of the energy saving potential of the new configuration is developed. The control strategy of this paper is divided into three parts: the driver demand torque calculation module, the pattern recognition module and the demand torque distribution module.

Key Words：Pure electric vehicle，Power train，Parameters match, ADVISOR，Electric motor driving control system

1.绪论2

1.1研究背景及意义2

1.2国内外研究现状2

1.2.1国外研究现状2

1.2.2国内研究现状4

1.3研究内容5

2.纯电动轿车动力总成参数匹配与设计7

2.1纯电动轿车的动力总成7

2.1.1动力总成的基本形式7

2.1.2动力蓄电池组及其管理系统7

2.1.3动力电机及其控制原理9

2.2.1传统客车整车参数和性能指标12

2.2.2动力电机参数确定12

2.2.3动力传动系参数确定14

2.2.4动力电池参数确定15

2.2.5纯电动客车匹配结果16

2.3本章小结16

3.动力总成控制策略设计18

3.1控制系统结构及功能18

3.1.1整车控制系统结构18

3.1.2 CAN网络体系20

3.1.3控制系统的功能定义21

3.2动力总成驱动控制策略22

3.2.1驱动力矩控制22

3.2.2电机过载管理24

3.3能量管理策略29

3.4制动能量回馈控制策略30

3.4.1再生制动能量分析30

3.4.2再生制动系统结构和实现原理31

3.4.3再生制动特点和控制逻辑32

3.4.4再生制动控制策略制定35

3.5本章小结40

4.总结和展望41

参考文献42

致谢44