基于MATLAB的数字图像处理的设计与实现

随着时代的进步，各个领域对图像处理的研究逐渐深入，有待于解决的问题也越来越多，故对图像处理得需求也进一步增加。图像处理已经逐渐成为一门比较成熟的学科，其中数字图像处理在整个图像处理领域中占有重要的地位。图像处理涉及很多数学公式，目前以数学为工具讲解图像处理的专著也有很多，Matlab主要就是通过程序实现图像处理，而且Matlab不像其他语言实现图像程序设计比较繁琐，它却相对比较简单易懂，很好实现。从本质上说，图像就是函数、矩阵或程序设计中的数组。而Matlab具有强大而方便的数组操作功能，同时又提供了丰富的图像处理函数。

获取图像其更重要的目的是将图像信息进行处理，在大量复杂的图像中找出我们所需要的信息，进而进行处理修改。因此图像信息处理在某种意义上讲，比获得图像更为重要，尤其是在当今科学技术迅速发展的时代，对图像信息处理提出了更高的要求，以便更加快速、准确，可靠地获得有用信息。

本文利用MATLAB图像处理工具箱，能够实现对数字图像的编辑和处理工作，实现功能包括数字图像的读取、存储、显示、去色、图像翻转、局部放大、透明度调整、去噪、平滑、锐化、压缩、边缘检测等操作。

关键词：数字图像处理，MATLAB；图形处理

Abstract

With the progress of the times, the research on image processing in various fields has gradually deepened, and more and more problems need to be solved, so the demand for image processing has further increased. Image processing has gradually become a relatively mature discipline. Among them, digital image processing plays an important role in the whole field of image processing. Image processing involves a lot of mathematical formulas. At present, there are also many monographs explaining image processing with mathematics as a tool. And Matlab is not like other languages to achieve image programming is more cumbersome, but it is relatively simple and easy to understand, very good implementation. In essence, the image is a function, matrix or array in programming, while Matlab has powerful and convenient array operation function and provides abundant image processing functions.

The more important purpose of getting an image is to process the image information, find out the information we need in a large number of complex images, and then process and modify it. So image information processing is in a sense more important than getting an image. Especially in the era of rapid development of science and technology, higher requirements for image information processing are put forward in order to obtain useful information more quickly, accurately and reliably.

In this paper, the MATLAB image processing toolbox is used to realize the editing and processing of digital image. The functions include reading, storing, displaying, decoloring, image flipping, local amplification, transparency adjusting, denoising, smoothing, etc. Sharpening, compression, edge detection and other operations.

Keywords:digital image processing MATLAB; graphic processing

摘要I

AbstractII

第一章绪论1

第二章数字图像处理系统设计3

2.1设计概括3

2.2文件4

2.2.1打开4

2.2.2保存4

2.2.3退出4

2.3编辑4

2.3.1灰度4

2.3.2亮度6

2.3.3截图8

2.3.4缩放8

2.4旋转10

2.4.1上下翻转10

2.4.2左右翻转11

2.4.3任意角度翻转12

2.5噪声13

2.6滤波14

2.6.1中值滤波14

2.6.2自适应滤波14

2.6.3平滑滤波15

2.7直方图统计16

2.8频谱分析18

2.8.1频谱图18

2.8.2通过高通滤波器19

2.8.3通过低通滤波器20

2.9灰度图像处理21

2.9.1二值图像21

2.9.2创建索引图像22

2.10颜色模型转换22

2.11操作界面设计24

第三章程序调试及结果分析25

第四章总结26

参考文献27

致谢28

附录29